Jig-conveyer motor



1,456,389 l.. LINKowsKl v JIG CONVEYER MOTOR Filed Nov. 9, 1920 2sheets-sheet 2 May Z2, 1923.

Patented May 22, 1923.

LUDWIG LINKOWSKI, OF ALTENBOCI-IUM, GERMANY.

JIG-CONVEYER MOTOR.

Application filed November 9, 1920.

Serial No. 422,954.

(GRANTED UNDER. THE PROVISIONS F THE ACT 0F MARCH 3, 1921, 41 STAT. L.,1313.)

To ZZ 'Lo/710m it may concern:

Be it known that I, LUDWIG LiNiiowsKi, a citizen of Germany, andresident of Altenbochum, in the Republic of Prussia, Germany, haveinvented certain new and useful improvements in J ig-Oonveyer Motors(for which patents have been applied for in the following countries andon the following dates: Germany, August 20, 1918, Patent No. 326,505;German-Austria, September 17, 1919; Hungary, October 3, 1919, Patent No.78,145; France, October 6, 1919, Patent No. 504,604; Holland, October 8,1919, Patent No. 6343; Poland, November1 4f, 1919; Belgium, November 71919, Patent No. 283,-

247 Czechoslovakia, December 18, 1919; England, December 6, 1919, PatentNo. 136,- 17T), of which the following is a specication. Y

Hy present invention relates to jigconveyer-motors actuated bycompressed air or the like and having no flywheel; but more particularlyto novel means for controlling the supply, cut-off and exhaust of thedriying-agent in such a manner that the ratio of expansion is maintainedwhen the supply is changed.

In this kind of motor for jig-conveyers the stroke of the piston is notlimited by a crank and the piston is cushioned until it is inallystopped by means of compressiony or by an advanced admission or lead ofthe driving-agent into the working-cylinder.

This retarded travel is a deliberately introduced feature of theconveyer design, on which, in the best known type of conveyers, usedmainly in mining, the propulsion of the material depends. The propulsionis due to the fact that by virtue of the acceleration imparted to it,the material jumps forwards on the retarded run-way, whether the same isactuated bv a double-acting or by a single-acting motor.

Generally the arrangement is such that the run-way of the conveyer has adrop, due to inclined or curved roller paths, and is lifted v the motorin the direction opposed to the direction in which the material isconveyed. The motor, particularly in mining practice, accordingly. hasto deal with a very much varying load. This load varies with the chargeon the conveyer-and with the length thereof, which may be increased orshortcned according to the progress of the work,

that when the loal falls short of this, the* piston is retarded toosoon, and its stroke is shortened so that a large waste space iscreated, inasmuch as the volume of driving fluid enclosed in this spaceat the moment of the piston reversal is exhausted at` the next strokewithout having doney any apy preciable amount of work;

These conditions appear mostclearly when the working of a single-actingmotor is considered.l With such a motor the piston lifts the conveyerduring the forward stroke, and

during the return stroke it is moved by the falling conveyer through adistance depending on the extent to which the inertia can overcome thebrake effect.

The object of the invention is to make the conveyer motor regulatable bymeans of the valve control, so that in combination with the knownregulation of the cut-oif there is a regulation of the length of thecushioning path, the regulating device for the cut-o being connected inone with the regulating device for the cushioning by compression andadvanced admission.

In motors Where the adjustment is effected in the well known manner bymeans of tappets adjustable on, or in the direction of, the piston rod,the combination of the regulating devices may be effected by duplicatingthe tappet so that it actuates a single valve gear withone of its facesfor admission and with its other face for cutting off admission.

In motors of the kind referred to, it is, however, necessary to utilizethe driving pressure as efficiently as possible, which can only be doneby utilizing expansion. For this purpose it is well known to make thevalve gear adjustable so that expansion begins after the requisitecylinder filling, and exhaust at the end of the piston stroke. For

example, the tappets adjustable for this purpose in the direction of thepiston path are so arranged that the filling is regulated by means of anadjustable tappet, the expansion tappet being shifted to the sameextent. This has the disadvantage that the per cent of cut-oli7 and theutilization of expansion, are changed, because if the supply isincreased the piston works correspondingly longer under full charge.This extension must be subtracted from the expansion path, which isshortened, whereas properly it should be lengthened in accordance withthe increased supply, to maintain the ratio (for example 1:4) in otherwords, the driving agent passes out at the exhaust with unnecessary highpressrne.

lf, as is also well known, the exhaust tappet is made adjustableindependently of the cut-olf tappet, by a separate device, the motormust be attended by a skilled hand, and this is rarely or never possibleunder ground.

T his difficulty is met by the invention, by arranging that the movementof the exhaust tappet is made dependent on that of the cutofi' tappet,so that the movement of the exhaust tappet is a definite multiple of themovement of the cut-off tappet. In this way the exhaust is postponed byshifting the exhaust tappet.

llVhat has been stated with reference to tappets applies equally to anydevice for regulating the valve gear. lf tappets are used, adjustableon, or in the direction of, the piston rod, it is convenient to obtainthe governed connection of the supply and expansion tappets by providingthe tappet actuating spindle with two screw threads of differentpitches, the exhaust tappet being adjusted on a screw whose ratio, inreference to the other screw, equals the ratio of supply. Thisconstruction has the advantage that the regulation of the motor iseffected by a single manipulation, which can 'be performed by anunskilled hand.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing by way of example as appliedto a singleacting motor regulated by means of tappets adjusted by ascrewed spindle in the piston rod.

In the accompanying drawing Figure l is a longitudinal section of themotor, with the slide valve in position for admission,

Figure 2 is a similar section with the slide valve in cut-off position;Figure $3 is a side elevation, with parts in section, showing the motorin connection with the jig-conveyer, the slide valve being in theexhaust position. and the cams or tappets in a position of longercut-ofi than in Figs. l and 2; and Figure 4 is a plan view of the motor,with the conveyer removed, the cams or tappets being in the saineposition as in Fig. 3.

In the motor cylinder a moves the piston b with its rod c, the thrust ofwhich is transmitted by the crosshead d slide rods p, crosshead y, andconnecting rod r to the c'onveyer C, see Figs. 3 and 4. The control iseffected by a. slide-valve e actuated by a lever f, which is moved by arod g and rollers h and z'. In the hollow piston rod is a. spindle lc,which can be turned by a handle Z. On the spindle la are two tappets,namely, a twofaced tappet m. and an ordinary tappet n. The tappet mstriking the roller 71, with its upper face, regulates the admission.When the piston, under the weight of the conveyer, moves from right toleft, the lower step of the tappet m sets the valve e to close thecylinder space behind the piston and compression begins (Fig. 2) g thenthe roller h; runs over the incline, so that advanced admission orcushioning is prepared, until when the roller z, has reached its highestposition, at which time the supply port 0 is opened fully. The piston atthis moment has reached the position shown in Fig. l of the drawing, andbegins its working or forward stroke. The other face of the tappet m nowcomes into action. The roller z', which must move with the roller itowing to a positive connection between them, is forced downwards by thelower inclined surface of the j tappet m. (Fig. 2). By this means thesupply port 0 is closed, and expansion begins. This continues until theroller c' meets the incl-ined surface of the tappet n whereby it isfurther depressed and sets the valve e for exhaust (Figs. 3 and 4).

By turning the spindle la, the two tappets m and ln can be moved fromthe extreme right hand position illustrated towards the left. By thismovement of the tappet m, the opening of the supply port is effectedearl-ier. The retardation path at the end of the return stroke is thuslengthened, and the cushioning or brake effect increased. This turningof the spindle is, therefore, effected when the load increases.

Owingl to the shaping of the tappet m as supply tappet on top and ascut-ofi' tappet at the bottom, the shifting of this tappet toward theleft causes the closing of the supply port 0 to take place later, sothat a larger supply is effected corresponding to the increased load.Both tappets m and n have internal screw threads fitted to the screwspindle, and are guided by the piston rod c in such a manner that thesaid tappets can move lengthwise .of said rod, but can not turnrelatively thereto.

rEhe tappet n moves on a different part of the spindle from the tappetm. This part k1, has a steeper screw thread, so that when the. spindleis turned as described the tappet n is moved" through a greater distancetowards the left than the tappet m. This is in accordance with thefollowing by the full supply (shifting of tappet n)` plus the pathrequired for the expansion of the increased supply. The ratio of thepitches or" the screw threads on the two parts of the spindle must bechosen accordingly.

The remainder of the piston stroke is of course shortened as comparedwith the extreme tappet adjustment for the smallest supply. Thisremainder is performed by virtue of the swing of the conveyer, and it isentirely in accordance with the governing idea that this path isshorter, as the new setting of the tappets gives an increased advancedsupply, so that in the shorter path the cushioning or brake effect isincreased in accordance with the greater inertia of the conveyer.

I claim l. A motor suitable Jfor jig-conveyers, said motor comprising acylinder, a piston movable therein, a valve controlling the admissionand exhaust of motive fluid to and from said cylinder, a valve-gear,means actuating said valve-gearl to set said valve successively for theadmission and for the cut-oil", meansactuating said valve-gear to 'setsaid valve for the exhaust, a regulating device adapted to secureautomatically the same ratio of expansion for every per cent of cut-off,and means for actuating said regulating device during the operation ofthe motor.

2. A motor suitable for jig-conveyers, said motor comprising a cylinder,a piston movable therein, a tubular piston rod, a valve controlling theadmission and exhaust of motive fluid to and from said cylinder, avalve-gear, a tappet having two workingfaces adapted to engage saidvalve-gear alternately to set said valve successively for the admissionand for the cut-0E, another tappet having a working-face adapted toengage said valve-gear to set said valve for the exhaust, a regulatingdevice engaging said tappets with screw-threads of like direction butdiii'erent pitch, for imparting to said tappets linear movements ot'different extent, and means for actuating said regulating device fromwithout.

3, A motor suitable for jig-conveyers, said motor comprising a cylinder,a piston movable therein, a tubular piston rod, a slidevalve controllingthe admission and exhaust of motive fluid to and from said cylinder, avalve-gear, a two-faced tappet carried by said piston rod and adapted toengage said valve-gear with one facev to set said for the exhaust, aregulating screw-spindle engaging said tappets with screw-threads oflike direction but different pitch for imparting a linear movement tosaid two-faced tappet and simultaneously imparting to the other tappet alinear Amovement in the same direction as the two-faced tappet but ofgreater extent, and means for rotating said regulating screw-spindle.

4. A motor suitable for jig-conveyers, said motor comprising a cylinder,a piston movable therein, a tubular piston rod, a slide-valvecontrolling the admission and exhaust of motive fluid to and from saidcylinder, a valve-gear, rotary engaging members carried by saidvalve-gear above and below the piston rod respectively, a two-facedtappet adapted to engage with one face the upper of said engagingmembers to set said slide-valve for admission, and with the other facethe lower of said engaging members to set said slide-valve for thecut-off, a one-faced tappet adapted to engage said lower engaging memberto set the valve for the exhaust, a screw-spindle engaging said tappetswith threads of like direction but dierent pitch for imparting to saidone-faced tappet a linear movement which is a multiple of the movementimparted at the ysame time and in the same direction to said two-facedtappet, and means for rotating said screw-spindle :from without.

5. A motor suitable for jig-conveyers, said motor comprising a cylinder,a piston movable therein, a slotted tubular piston rod, aslide-valvevcontrolling the admission and exhaust of the motive uid toand from said cylinder, a valve-gear, rollers carried by said valve-gearabove and below said piston rod respectively, a two-faced tappet carriedby said piston rod and slidable thereon, and

adapted to engage said rollers alternately J to set said valvesuccessively for the admission and for the cut-oli, a one-faced tappetlikewise carried by said piston rod slidably, said second tappet beingarranged between the piston and the first-named tappet and being adaptedto engage the lower roller to set said slide-valve for the exhaust, aregu'- lating device for imparting to said twofaced tappet andsimultaneously to said onefaced tappet a movement in the same directionbut of greater' extent for the one-faced tappet, and means for operatingand regulating device from without.

6. A mot-or suitable for jig-conveyers, said motor comprising acylinder, a piston Cil lll() movable in said cylinder and adapted tomove in one direction under the action of a motive `fluid and to performits return stroke without the driving action of such motive fluid, atubular piston rod, a slidevalve controlling; the admission and exhaustof such motive fluid to and from one end of said cylinder', avalve-gear, a tubular piston rod, a combined admission and cut-ofttappet cooperating with said valve-gear to set said valve successivelyfor the admission and for the cut-oil', another tappet cooperating withsaid valve-gear to set said valve for the exhaust, an adjustingscrew-spindle having two screw-threads of different pitch engaging saidtappets to impart, for a given amount of rotation of said spindle, agreater linear movement to said exhaust-controlling tappet than to saidcombined admission and cut-ofil tappet, and means for rotating saidspindle from without during the operation of the motor.

7. A motor suitable for j ig-conveyers, said motor comprising acylinder, a piston movable therein, a valve controlling the admissionand exhaust of motive fluid to and from said cylinder, a valve rod, atubular piston rod, guide bars arranged laterally of said piston rod;rollers carried by said guide bars and arranged on opposite sides ofsaid piston rod, a two-armed lever mounted on said cylinder pivotallyand operatively connected at one end with said valve rod and at theother end to said guide bars, a two-faced tappet adapted to engage theroller on one side of said piston rod, for operating the valve to beginthe admission of vmotive fluid, land also adapted to engage the rolleron the opposite side of the piston rod, for operating said valve to cutoff the supply7 of motive fluid, another tappet adapted to engage saidlast-named roller, for shifting said valve to the position in which itopens the exhaust, an adjusting screw-spindle having two screw-threadsof different pitch engaging the respective tappets, the thread engagingthe exhaust-controlling tappet being of steeper pitch than the oneengaging the other tappet, a handle for rotating said spindle, and across head carried by said piston rod and adapted to transmit power fromsaid motor to the jig-conveyer.

8. An operating device comprising a cylinder, a piston movable therein,valve mechanism Jt'or successively admitting a motive fluid to saidcylinder, cutting off the admission of such fluid and allowing it to actexpansively, and finally allowing such fluid to escape from thecylinder, operating mechanism for said valve mechanism, said operatingmechanism being connected with the piston to move therewith, andcomprising two members one of which controls the admission and thecut-ofi of the motive fluid, while the other controls the exhaust, and ascrewspindle likewise connected to move with said piston and havingscrew-threads of like direction but of different pitch in engagementwith the respective members of said operatin mechanism, so that rotationof said spindle will adjust both members in the same directionunequally, but at a constant ratio, whereby the expansion ratio mayy bekept constant.

9.A An operating device comprising a cylinder, a piston movable therein,valve mechanism foi" first admitting a motive fluid to said cylinder,then cutting ofi the admission to allow such fluid to act expansively,and finally allowing such fluid to exhaust from the cylinder, actuatingmechanism for said valve mechanism, said actuating mechanism includingtwo members one of which controls the admission of the motive fluid andthe cut-off, while the other controls the exhaust, and a unitaryadjusting` device operatively connected with said members and arrangedto move both of them simultaneously in the same direction but to adifferent extent. v

l0. An operating -device comprising a cylinder, a piston movabletherein, valve mechanism for first admitting a motive fluid to saidcylinder, then cutting oftl the admission to allow such fluid to actexpansively, and finally allowing such fluid tok exhaust from thecylinder, actuating mechanism for said valve mechanism, said actuatingmechanism including two members one of which controls the admissionandthe cut-ofi' of the motive fluid, while the other controls'theexhaust, and a unitary adjusting device operatively connected with saidmembers and arranged to shift them simultaneously to a different extentin such a proportion as to maintain a constant expansion ratio.r

11. An operating device comprising a cylinder, a piston movable therein,a tubular piston rod, valve mechanism for first admitting a motive fluidto said cylinder, then cutting ofi the admission to allow such fluid toact expansively, and finally allowing such fluid to exhaust from saidcylinder; two tappets movably arranged in said tubular piston rod, foractuating said valve mechanism, one of said tappets controlling theadmission and the cut-oil of the motive fluid, while the other tappetcontrols the exhaust; and an adjusting spindle engaging said tappetswith screw-threads of different pitch to move both of said ta-ppetssimultaneously in the same direction but to a different extent.

1Q. An operating device comprising a cylinder, a piston movable therein,a tubular piston rod, a valve, valve-operating mechanism adapted to setsaid valve first for ad-y mitting a motive fluid-to said cylinder, thencutting ofi` the admission vto allow such motive fluid to actexpansively, and finally allowing such fluid to exhaust from saidcylinder, tivo tappets arranged in said tubular piston rod, foractuating said valve-operating mechanism, one of said tappets having aface for bringing said valve operating mechanism to the position linWhich the motive Huid is admitted to the cylinder, and a face, on theopposite side of the tappet, for bringing said valve-operating mechanismto the cut-o position, While the other tappet sets said valve-operatingmechanism for the exhaust; and an adjusting spindle journaled in saidtubular piston rod and engaging said tappets with screw-threads of likedirection but different pitch, to impart, for a given amount of rotationof said spindle, a greater linear movement to said eXhaust-controllingtappet than to the other tappet, and to maintain a constant expansionratio.

13. An operating device comprising a cylinder, a piston movable therein,valve-mecha nism controlling the cut-ofi" of the motive iiuid and itsexhaust from said cylinder, an adjustable member for varying the time ofthe cut-off, another adjustable member for varying the time of exhaust,an operative connection extending from one of said members to the otherand engaging both of them with actuating portions of unlike character tocause said connection to adjust said tvvo members simultaneously, but todifferent extents.

14:. An operating device comprising a cylinder and a piston therein, onemovable relatively to the other, an adjustable member having operativeconnections to vary the time of the cut-off of the motive fluid, anotheradjustable member for varying the time of the exhaust, and an adjustingmember having unlike actuating portions engaging both of said memberssimultaneously and arranged to adjust said members at the same time, todifferent extents bearing a constant ratio to each other.

Signed by me at Altenbochum, this 21st day of J une, 1920.

LUDWIG LINKOWSKI.

Germany,

